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Business ledger: meaning, types & how to keep one

A business ledger is the organised record of all your accounts — cash, every customer and supplier, and expenses. Here is what it means, the main account types, and how to keep yours up to date.

What is a business ledger?

A business ledger is where every transaction is posted to the right account, so you can see balances and history whenever you need them. It keeps a separate account for cash, for each party you deal with, and for your expenses and income. Each party account's balance is simply their total Jama (in) minus total Naam (out) — new to that? Read Jama & Naam explained.

Types of ledger account

Cash ledger

All cash in and out — this is your daily cash book, kept as a running account.

Party ledgers

A separate account for each customer and supplier (sundry debtors and creditors) with a live balance.

Expense & income accounts

Spends and earnings grouped so you can see where money goes and comes from.

How to keep a business ledger

  1. Set up your accountsAdd the parties you deal with — customers and suppliers — and your business starts a ledger for each.
  2. Record each transactionEvery sale, purchase, receipt or payment is posted to the right account as it happens.
  3. Let balances update themselvesEach account keeps a running balance (total Jama minus total Naam), so you always know who owes what.
  4. Review by party, day or monthOpen any account for its full history, or see daily and monthly summaries across the business.
  5. Export for your accountantExport ledger reports to PDF, Excel or CSV whenever you need them for filing or review.

Frequently asked questions

What is a business ledger?

A business ledger is the organised record of all your accounts — cash, each customer and supplier, and expenses — where every transaction is posted so you can see balances and history at any time.

What is the difference between a cash book and a ledger?

A cash book records cash receipts and payments (and doubles as the cash ledger). A full ledger goes wider — it keeps a separate account for cash, every party and every category.

Does each customer get their own ledger account?

Yes. Every customer and supplier has a party account with a running balance and complete transaction history.

Can I export my ledger?

Yes. Ledger and party reports export to PDF, Excel and CSV, so sharing with an accountant or keeping records is simple.

Your whole ledger, kept for you

Daily Cash Entry keeps your cash book and every party's ledger with live balances and one-tap reports — no double posting, no manual totals.